Glossary
Active and passive safety of vehicles
Aggregate
Airflow control
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Assignees
Automated Lane Keeping System (ALKS)
Base load
Bonus-malus systems
California Air Resources Board (CARB)
Catalytic converter
Circular economy
Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
Climate Pledge
Closed loop
CO2 fleet compliance
Code of conduct
Concept safety
Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards
Customer journey
Data Governance Act
Decarbonisation
Deep learning
Degree of motorisation
Desk analysis
Dry/wet separation technologies
Due diligence
Electric intelligence
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
ESG criteria
Ethics by design
EU taxonomy
Euro 6d standard
Euro 6d-TEMP standard
European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS)
Fair-value-based repairs
Feed-in tariff
Gold Standard
Green bonds
Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHG Protocol)
High-voltage disconnect device
Initiative for Responsible Mining Assurance (IRMA)
Intrinsic safety
Live traffic information
Load case
Lock-in effect
Machine learning
Malicious code
Management levels
NEDC
Net zero
Notice of violation
OECD
OEM
Partial load
Partner protection
Peak loads
Plug-in hybrid (PHEV)
Post-fossil
Privacy by design
Rated thermal input
Real Driving Emissions (RDE) testing method
Rebound effect
Record of processing activities
Recyclate
Remuneration framework agreement (ERA)
Rescue data sheets
Residual energy
Restraint systems
Ride-hailing
Rights-holders
Roller test rig
Roller test rig hour
SAE Level/automated and autonomous driving
Science Based Targets initiative
Shop floor management
Sled testing
Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB)
Tank-to-wheel
Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD)
Tier 1
Tufted velour
Turbocompressor
UN Global Compact
UN Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI)
Underfloor SCR catalytic converter
Unsprung mass
Vehicle class N1
Waste hierarchy
A waste hierarchy defines the various approaches for handling waste and prioritises them. The most important measures are those that are especially environmentally compatible. The EU’s Waste Framework Directive defines the following five hierarchy levels:
- Prevention
- Preparing for reuse
- Recycling
- Other recovery, especially incineration for the generation of energy and use as a filling material
- Disposal
Well-to-tank
Well-to-wheel (WtW)
WLTP
The Worldwide Harmonised Light Vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP) is an international measurement technique for determining how much fuel a vehicle consumes and whether its emissions stay within the prescribed limits. The WLTP replaced the former measurement procedure NEDC on 1 September 2017.
The WLTP cycle is a new driving cycle for measuring emissions that more accurately depicts current driving profiles. It is used to determine certification values for each vehicle on the basis of mass, air resistance, rolling resistance and optional equipment. The assessment includes a test under real-life driving conditions (RDE).